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Перевод в косвенную речь в английском: играем в Reported Speech
Для того, чтобы освоить косвенную речь, недостаточно просто знать правила. Необходимо практиковать полученные знания, чтобы максимально закрепить результат.
Именно поэтому большинство преподавателей используют различные игры, чтобы студентам было легко и интересно.
Reported speech — это тема, требующая дополнительного внимания. Во-первых, нужно знать, что, когда мы хотим выразить мысли другого человека по-английски, нам нужно «сместить» само время на один шаг назад. Так, если предложение в Present Simple, нам нужно использовать Past Simple. Посмотрите на таблицу ниже:
| am/is → was | do/does → did | will → would |
| are → were | have/has → had | can → could |
| go/know/want/like/may → went/knew/wanted/liked/might | ||
Обратите внимание, что некоторые модальные глаголы тоже изменяются:
| may | might |
| can | could |
| must | had to |
Но есть и те, которые остаются без изменения:
| would | would |
| could | could |
| might | might |
| should | should |
| ought to | ought to |
Теперь, когда Вы уже освоили все тонкости Reported Speech, мы предлагаем поиграть в игру под названием What did you say?
Что для этого нужно?
Прежде всего, нужна компания друзей, которая готова будет принять правила игры. Они просты: первый человек говорит фразу, второй переспрашивает, что он сказал, первый, используя косвенную речь, перестраивает предложение. Выглядит это примерно так:
- Do you like watching TV?
- What did you say?
- I asked if you liked watching TV?
- Yes, I do.
- What’s your favourite TV channel?
Ниже мы предложим ряд вопросов, которые Вы можете использовать для игры:
- Do you like going to the cinema?
- What are you doing at the weekend?
- Have you ever sung in public?
- How long have been learning English?
- What did you do last weekend?
- What were you doing yesterday at 5.50pm?
- Do you think you will get married?
- Are you going to learn a new language?
- Do you wish you were famous?
- Who is your favourite actor?
- What are you doing this evening?
- Have you ever fallen in love?
- How long have you been living here?
- Did you watch a good movie last weekend?
- Were you watching TV yesterday at 7.45pm?
- Will you have children?
- What are you going to do next Monday?
- Where do you like spending your holidays?
Вы можете придумать собственные вопросы и разнообразить их использованием всех времен английского языка. Это будет не только интересно, но и полезно. Можно с уверенностью сказать, что после такой игры тема «Reported Speech» будет усвоена на отлично.
Помните о смещении времен:
| Present Simple | Past Simple |
| Present Continuous | Past Continuous |
| Past Continuous | Past Perfect Continuous |
| Present Perfect Continuous | Past Perfect Continuous |
| Past Perfect Continuous | Past Perfect Continuous |
| Past Simple | Past Perfect |
| Present Perfect | Past Perfect |
| Past Perfect | Past Perfect |
| Future Simple | Conditional |
| Will – will not | Would – wouldn’t |
Не забывайте об изменении следующих слов:
| Today | That day |
| Now | Then |
| Tonight | That night |
| Last day | The day before / the previous day |
| yesterday | The day before |
| Ago | before |
| Last week | The week before |
| Next year | The following year |
| Tomorrow | The next day / the following day |
| Here | There |
| This | That |
| These | Those |
Изучайте английский и не бойтесь совершать ошибки в речи. Как только Вы станете говорить, все ошибки отойдут на второй план. Помните, что разговор — это первый шаг к беглой речи.
с репетитором
время и деньги
когда и где удобно
clean your teeth,» said granny to Helen. 3 I said to him: «How long will it take you to get
.there?» 4 Pete said to his friends: «When are you Cleaving St. Petersburg?» 5 Nick said
to his friend: «Will you stay at the 'Hilton'?» 6 He said to me: «Do you often go to see your
friends?» 7 Oleg said: «My room is on the second floor. 8 He said: „I am sure she will
ring me up when she is back in St. Petersburg.“9. Misha said: „I saw them at my parents'
house last year.“ 10 He said: „I haven't seen my cousin today.“
He asked, «Are you listening to music now?»
She asked, «Have you been working hard on this problem?»
She asked, «Were you in the library yesterday?»
He asks, «Does she work now?»
He asks, «Has she been reading this book since Monday?»
Jane asked, «Can anybody tell me what you have been discussing all the time?»
He asked, «Will you be at Nick and Carol’s party tonight?»
He asked, «Are you listening to music now?»
She asked, «Have you been working hard on this problem?»
She asked, «Were you in the library yesterday?»
He asks, «Does she work now?»
He asks, «Has she been reading this book since Monday?»
Jane asked, «Can anybody tell me what you have been discussing all the time?»
He asked, «Will you be at Nick and Carol’s party tonight?»
Present simple — Past simple
11. He said: I'm going to earn more money
12. They said: we are twins
13. He asked: don't read this article!
14. I sked: do you want to go with me?
15. Pupils said: we like to read about Shakespeare
16. Bill said: my father is a glove — maker
17. Teacher asked: show me your presentation.
18. Bella wondered: do you really speak French?
19. Aurora and Rick said: we will join you later
20. I asked: send me this document!
Mr. Hazell did not look at him. Не sat quite still in the seat of his Rolls-Rоyсе, his tiny piggy eyes staring straight ahead.
«Now go away, please,» my father said. «We do not wish to serve you.» Не took the key from my hand and threw it through the window. The Rolls-Royce drove away fast in а cloud of dust. А silence fell between us. «I'll tell you something interesting» my father said at last. «The shooting season starts on Saturday. It always starts оп the first of October,» hе said. ''And every year Mr. Hazell celebrates the day bу giving а big shooting party. It is а very famous event, Danny, that shooting party of Mr. Hazell's."